Alkanes are chemical compounds composing of only carbon and hydrogen atoms by single bonds. The image above is the most simple alkane, methane. This means that the compound contains 1 carbon atom and 4 hydrogen atoms. The trend for the other compounds is increasing the number of carbon atoms. Since the first one is methane with 1 carbon and 4 hydrogen, the next compound would be ethane which contains 2 carbon and 6 hydrogen. As you gain more carbons, the number of hydrogen is 2 more.
Here is a table of the simple alkanes:
| # Carbon | Name | Molecular
Formula | Structural
Formula |
| 1 | Methane | CH4 | CH4 |
| 2 | Ethane | C2H6 | CH3CH3 |
| 3 | Propane | C3H8 | CH3CH2CH3 |
| 4 | Butane | C4H10 | CH3CH2CH2CH3 |
| 5 | Pentane | C5H12 | CH3CH2CH2CH2CH3 |
| 6 | Hexane | C6H14 | CH3(CH2)4CH3 |
| 7 | Heptane | C7H16 | CH3(CH2)5CH3 |
| 8 | Octane | C8H18 | CH3(CH2)6CH3 |
| 9 | Nonane | C9H20 | CH3(CH2)7CH3 |
| 10 | Decane | C10H22 | CH3(CH2)8CH3 |
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